说明
使用 VLD 内存泄漏检测工具辅助开发时整理的学习笔记。本篇介绍 VLD 配置文件中配置项 AggregateDuplicates 的使用方法。
目录
1. 配置文件使用说明
在程序中通过 #include "vld.h"
的方式检测内存泄漏时,VLD 首先会尝试在程序的生成目录下读取 vld.ini
文件,若未读取成功,则会尝试在 VLD 的安装目录下读取 vld.ini
文件,若仍未读取成功,则会使用内置的默认配置,内置的默认配置如果不动源码是无法更改的,因此通过修改相应目录下的 vld.ini
文件来定制 VLD 功能是最好的选择。当配置参数等号右边为空,或者给配置了不合法值时,在使用过程中会被程序重置到默认值。
2. 设置是否显示重复的泄漏块
参数名:AggregateDuplicates
。
有效赋值:yes
,no
。
默认值:no
。
功能说明:为 yes
时将合并显示具有相同大小和相同调用堆栈的泄漏内存块,只显示首个泄漏内存块的详细信息,并显示其重复的次数;为 no
时则每次泄漏都会单独显示。
2.1 测试代码
#include <QCoreApplication>
#include "vld.h"
void testFun(int i)
{
int *ptr = new int(i);
printf("ptr = %08x, *ptr = %08x.\n", ptr, *ptr);
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QCoreApplication a(argc, argv);
for (int i = 1; i < 3; i++)
{
testFun(i);
}
return a.exec();
}
测试环境:QT 5.9.2,MSVC 2015 32bit,Debug 模式,VLD 版本为 2.5.1,VLD 配置文件只对该参数做修改,测试工程所在路径为:E:\Cworkspace\Qt 5.9\QtDemo\testVLD
。
2.2 AggregateDuplicates = no 时的输出
标准输出窗显示:
ptr = 007f7c98, *ptr = 00000001.
ptr = 007f8058, *ptr = 00000002.
VLD 输出报告:
Visual Leak Detector read settings from: D:\Program Files (x86)\Visual Leak Detector\vld.ini
Visual Leak Detector Version 2.5.1 installed.
WARNING: Visual Leak Detector detected memory leaks!
---------- Block 1 at 0x007F7C98: 4 bytes ----------
Leak Hash: 0xF253A4C4, Count: 1, Total 4 bytes
Call Stack (TID 30620):
ucrtbased.dll!malloc()
f:\dd\vctools\crt\vcstartup\src\heap\new_scalar.cpp (19): testVLD.exe!operator new() + 0x9 bytes
e:\cworkspace\qt 5.9\qtdemo\testvld\main.cpp (6): testVLD.exe!testFun() + 0x7 bytes
e:\cworkspace\qt 5.9\qtdemo\testvld\main.cpp (16): testVLD.exe!main() + 0x9 bytes
f:\dd\vctools\crt\vcstartup\src\startup\exe_common.inl (74): testVLD.exe!invoke_main() + 0x1B bytes
f:\dd\vctools\crt\vcstartup\src\startup\exe_common.inl (264): testVLD.exe!__scrt_common_main_seh() + 0x5 bytes
f:\dd\vctools\crt\vcstartup\src\startup\exe_common.inl (309): testVLD.exe!__scrt_common_main()
f:\dd\vctools\crt\vcstartup\src\startup\exe_main.cpp (17): testVLD.exe!mainCRTStartup()
KERNEL32.DLL!BaseThreadInitThunk() + 0x19 bytes
ntdll.dll!RtlGetAppContainerNamedObjectPath() + 0x11E bytes
ntdll.dll!RtlGetAppContainerNamedObjectPath() + 0xEE bytes
Data:
01 00 00 00 ........ ........
---------- Block 2 at 0x007F8058: 4 bytes ----------
Leak Hash: 0xF253A4C4, Count: 1, Total 4 bytes
Call Stack (TID 30620):
ucrtbased.dll!malloc()
f:\dd\vctools\crt\vcstartup\src\heap\new_scalar.cpp (19): testVLD.exe!operator new() + 0x9 bytes
e:\cworkspace\qt 5.9\qtdemo\testvld\main.cpp (6): testVLD.exe!testFun() + 0x7 bytes
e:\cworkspace\qt 5.9\qtdemo\testvld\main.cpp (16): testVLD.exe!main() + 0x9 bytes
f:\dd\vctools\crt\vcstartup\src\startup\exe_common.inl (74): testVLD.exe!invoke_main() + 0x1B bytes
f:\dd\vctools\crt\vcstartup\src\startup\exe_common.inl (264): testVLD.exe!__scrt_common_main_seh() + 0x5 bytes
f:\dd\vctools\crt\vcstartup\src\startup\exe_common.inl (309): testVLD.exe!__scrt_common_main()
f:\dd\vctools\crt\vcstartup\src\startup\exe_main.cpp (17): testVLD.exe!mainCRTStartup()
KERNEL32.DLL!BaseThreadInitThunk() + 0x19 bytes
ntdll.dll!RtlGetAppContainerNamedObjectPath() + 0x11E bytes
ntdll.dll!RtlGetAppContainerNamedObjectPath() + 0xEE bytes
Data:
02 00 00 00 ........ ........
Visual Leak Detector detected 2 memory leaks (80 bytes).
Largest number used: 80 bytes.
Total allocations: 80 bytes.
Visual Leak Detector is now exiting.
2.3 AggregateDuplicates = yes 时的输出
标准输出窗显示:
ptr = 00a673d0, *ptr = 00000001.
ptr = 00a67400, *ptr = 00000002.
VLD 输出报告:
Visual Leak Detector read settings from: D:\Program Files (x86)\Visual Leak Detector\vld.ini
Visual Leak Detector Version 2.5.1 installed.
Aggregating duplicate leaks.
WARNING: Visual Leak Detector detected memory leaks!
---------- Block 1 at 0x00A673D0: 4 bytes ----------
Leak Hash: 0xF253A4C4, Count: 2, Total 8 bytes
Call Stack:
ucrtbased.dll!malloc()
f:\dd\vctools\crt\vcstartup\src\heap\new_scalar.cpp (19): testVLD.exe!operator new() + 0x9 bytes
e:\cworkspace\qt 5.9\qtdemo\testvld\main.cpp (6): testVLD.exe!testFun() + 0x7 bytes
e:\cworkspace\qt 5.9\qtdemo\testvld\main.cpp (16): testVLD.exe!main() + 0x9 bytes
f:\dd\vctools\crt\vcstartup\src\startup\exe_common.inl (74): testVLD.exe!invoke_main() + 0x1B bytes
f:\dd\vctools\crt\vcstartup\src\startup\exe_common.inl (264): testVLD.exe!__scrt_common_main_seh() + 0x5 bytes
f:\dd\vctools\crt\vcstartup\src\startup\exe_common.inl (309): testVLD.exe!__scrt_common_main()
f:\dd\vctools\crt\vcstartup\src\startup\exe_main.cpp (17): testVLD.exe!mainCRTStartup()
KERNEL32.DLL!BaseThreadInitThunk() + 0x19 bytes
ntdll.dll!RtlGetAppContainerNamedObjectPath() + 0x11E bytes
ntdll.dll!RtlGetAppContainerNamedObjectPath() + 0xEE bytes
Data:
01 00 00 00 ........ ........
Visual Leak Detector detected 2 memory leaks (80 bytes).
Largest number used: 80 bytes.
Total allocations: 80 bytes.
Visual Leak Detector is now exiting.
2.4 输出结果对比
- 当
AggregateDuplicates = yes
时合并显示了具有相同大小和相同调用堆栈的泄漏内存块,且只显示首个泄漏内存块0x00A673D0
的详细信息,并显示其重复的次数及泄漏总大小Count: 2, Total 8 bytes
; - 当
AggregateDuplicates = no
时每次泄漏都会单独显示,因此Count
恒为1
,仔细观察可以发现,对于具有相同大小和相同调用堆栈的泄漏内存块,它们的Leak Hash
值也相同,在测试例中都为0xF253A4C4
,所以不妨推断Leak Hash
的计算由泄漏块大小及其调用堆栈决定。
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